The Yellow Wallpaper -- Literacy Analysis

Are refuges intended to protect the influenced people or to assist society with escaping ceaselessly from anomalies that are unavoidable in human life? What are the outcomes of keeping an individual kept hostage behind these alleged ‘shelters’? These inquiries are a portion of the numerous that are asked in The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. Inside the lines of the dark plot in this short story, the creator clarifies that the anonymous hero was not, actually, crazy or experiencing an authoritative illness or mental glitch. In any case, this ‘mental disorder’ is just a way that the storyteller effectively opposes society and how male controlled society has confined her into turning into a stack of uncertain musings. In the presentation of the story the anonymous storyteller portrays her ‘illness’ and the ‘conditions’ she faces, anyway through the investigation of her composing she starts to uncover the persecution that she is compelled to submit to. A significant part of the protagonist’s abuse originates from her better half, as he doesn't accept she is wiped out by any means. Since she is bashful and is repressed by her companion she accepts, similar to the remainder of society, that a male’s capabilities can consequently make him right. The storyteller will in general inquiry her husband’s see, yet then conceals it with his qualifications in her private diary passages, â€Å"You see he doesn't trust I am wiped out! Also, what would one be able to do? In the event that a doctor of high standing, and one's own significant other, guarantees companions and family members that there is actually nothing the issue with one except for transitory apprehe nsive discouragement - a slight insane propensity - what is one to do?† (Gilman Wallpaper, 1) This is just the start of the abuse and the start of the narrator’s defiance to a general public constrained by men. The au... ...nd The Yellow Wallpaper. Works Cited Gilman, Charlotte Perkins. Why I Wrote 'The Yellow Wallpaper.'. The Captive Imagination: A Casebook on The Yellow Wallpaper,. Ed. Catherine Golden. New York: Feminist Press at the City University of New York, 1992. 51-53. Rpt. in Short Story Criticism. Ed. Janet Witalec. Vol. 62. Detroit: Gale, 2003. Writing Resources from Gale. Web. 10 Feb. 2012. Gilman, Charlotte Perkins. The Yellow Wallpaper. [New York]: Feminist, 1973. Print. Knight, Denise D. 'I am blowing up enough to accomplish something edgy': The Question of Female 'Madness.'. The Yellow Wall-Paper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman: A Dual-Text Critical Edition. Ed. Shawn St. Jean. Athens: Ohio University Press, 2006. 73-87. Rpt. in Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism. Vol. 201. Detroit: Gale, 2008. Writing Resources from Gale. Web. 10 Feb. 2012. The Yellow Wallpaper - Literacy Analysis Are refuges intended to protect the influenced people or to assist society with escaping ceaselessly from anomalies that are unavoidable in human life? What are the outcomes of keeping an individual kept hostage behind these purported ‘shelters’? These inquiries are a portion of the numerous that are asked in The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. Inside the lines of the dark plot in this short story, the creator clarifies that the anonymous hero was not, indeed, crazy or experiencing a complete ailment or mental breakdown. In any case, this ‘mental disorder’ is just a way that the storyteller effectively defies society and how male controlled society has confined her into turning into a load of unreliable musings. In the presentation of the story the anonymous storyteller portrays her ‘illness’ and the ‘conditions’ she faces, anyway through the examination of her composing she starts to uncover the persecution that she is compelled to submit to. A significant part of the protagonist’s persecution originates from her better half, as he doesn't accept she is wiped out by any stretch of the imagination. Since she is hesitant and is repressed by her life partner she accepts, similar to the remainder of society, that a male’s capabilities can consequently make him right. The storyteller will in general inquiry her husband’s see, yet then conceals it with his certifications in her private diary passages, â€Å"You see he doesn't trust I am wiped out! Also, what would one be able to do? In the event that a doctor of high standing, and one's own significant other, guarantees companions and family members that there is actually nothing the issue with one except for transitory anxious sorrow - a slight insane propensity - what is one to do?† (Gilman Wallpaper, 1) This is just the start of the abuse and the start of the narrator’s defiance to a general public constrained by men. The au... ...nd The Yellow Wallpaper. Works Cited Gilman, Charlotte Perkins. Why I Wrote 'The Yellow Wallpaper.'. The Captive Imagination: A Casebook on The Yellow Wallpaper,. Ed. Catherine Golden. New York: Feminist Press at the City University of New York, 1992. 51-53. Rpt. in Short Story Criticism. Ed. Janet Witalec. Vol. 62. Detroit: Gale, 2003. Writing Resources from Gale. Web. 10 Feb. 2012. Gilman, Charlotte Perkins. The Yellow Wallpaper. [New York]: Feminist, 1973. Print. Knight, Denise D. 'I am blowing up enough to accomplish something frantic': The Question of Female 'Madness.'. The Yellow Wall-Paper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman: A Dual-Text Critical Edition. Ed. Shawn St. Jean. Athens: Ohio University Press, 2006. 73-87. Rpt. in Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism. Vol. 201. Detroit: Gale, 2008. Writing Resources from Gale. Web. 10 Feb. 2012.

Agency and partnershipl law assessed coursework Essay

Office and partnershipl law surveyed coursework - Essay Example An agent’s real authority might be either suggested or express. As respects to communicate authority, there will be no issues as everything will be clarified or foreordained. An apparent position will happen when if the authority has been given on the specialist, regardless of whether such authority isn't gave to him by express words. For moment, if a guarantor allows his specialist to have possessing clear spread notes, at that point the back up plan certainly allows him to make brief protection contracts for sake the safety net provider. On the off chance that impermanent oral agreements entered by a specialist are by and large persistently embraced by the safety net provider, at that point it will present an apparent expert on that agent1. This examination paper will make a sincere endeavor to build up that there is no any distinction between the acutual and apparent authority as it has all the earmarks of being . Investigation Usual Authority of an Agent An agent’s normal authority is deciphered by the courts out of sight of genuine verifiable force, which is being given to an operator because of condition of a particular case like regular intensity of a specialist from a particular custom or specific exchange. In this manner, regular authority of an operator is seen as an element of clear or genuine power. . In Watteau v Fenwick , the chief of a brew house had the express power to purchase stogies from the respondent onlyHowever, the operator (administrator) purchased the stogies from the offended party. In a suit for professing to settle the sum because of the offended party, it was held that as the offended party didn't know about the express limitation, and since, it fell inside the typical intensity of the supervisor of a brew house to put in a request for this kind of merchandise, the chief was held accountable3. Notwithstanding, in Daun v Simmins4, the choice held in Watteau v Fenwick was differentiated where it was seen that if a speci alist (administrator) of a â€Å"tied† open house just has the force as a rule to buy spirits from a particular source. In cases this way, no dependence on an inferred authority can be made by a provider in order to sue the principal5. Suggested or Ostensible or Apparent Authority A certain or inferred or obvious or apparent position implies where an outsider is tempted to go into an agreement with a head through a gathering who appears to have capacity to capacity or act however in actuality , he is missing such force or authority. In â€Å"Freeman and Lockyer v Buckhurst Park Properties (Mangal) Ltd†, Diplock, LJ held that there is huge distinction between evident position and real power. In spite of these, terms are constantly harmonized and coincided without the other and their significant foundation might be assorted. In real power, there is a relationship which exists between a specialist and the head lawfully which is guided by a consistent consent to which they are respected to be parties6. In ING Re (UK) Ltd v R and V Versicherung AG7, the obvious authority of an operator was clarified by Toulson J as one, which is footed upon estoppel by portrayal. Where an outsider (X) is being caused or spoken to by a Principal (P) that the operator (A) has the ability to work for P’s benefit, and X is managing An as a specialist of P simply on the dependence of such portrayal, P is subject to the demonstrations of A to a similar size as though A had the necessary force which he was exhibiting as possessing8. In Zurich General Accident and Liability

Face Book And Study

Face Book And Study Okay, hold up. I have a really good excuse for not blogging in ages. Two excuses, actually. Yes, I took my last final over a week ago, and yes, I only had one, and yes, it was for an intro class since I’m one of those people who does course 6 in no order whatsoever. Taking course 6 in no order whatsoever isnt all fun and games, though I spent the two weeks before finals simultaneously doing 3 final projects. First excuse: I NEED HOUSING. My sworn roommate flew out here last night, and I’ve sent 150+ emails and made 20+ calls related to housing, because I decided not to take company housing for some reason. When I landed last weekend, I booked Sunday solid with the few subletters and landlords who had returned my frantic correspondence, ran all around town visiting them, and ended up with a really awesome prospectthat isn’t sure when we can move in. Where am I, anyways? Second excuse: I started working for Facebook last week! This is marginally more exciting than any outsider might imagine, but in a nerdier way. I walked into a giant warehouse last Monday morning to find rows and rows of laptops accompanied by nametags and setup instructions sitting in front of rows and rows of chairs. We (the interns) were then asked to log into Facebook. Afterward, we spent most of our lunch break doing this: Okay, they didn’t actually pay us to goof around the whole day mostly, we were going through an introduction to the company, its mission, and its policies. Heres my favorite quote from the sexual harassment seminar: “You love your job, you love your work, you love your teambut then you start loving your boss.” After talking about ethics and values and statistics for a while, we got to the part we’d been waiting for: setting up code repositories on our development servers! You know I’d normally illustrate this with a picture of a cluster of alternately gleeful and despairing interns, all wearing taped glasses and argyle sweaters and hunched over computer terminals reconfigured to look like the Matrix. But pictures of interesting things on computer screens make for terrible pictures. I imagine most of my pictures for the rest of the summer will be of people eating or hitting each other with balloon animals or passed out over their laptops on a couch after a hackathon. Again, we dont get paid to do nothing all day. I walked into the bathroom the other day and, to my simultaneous horror and amusement, was greeted with a basket filled to the top with new toothbrushes and travel-sized toothpaste tubes, so I’m pretty sure there will be some long coding nights ahead. For those of you who may have noticed that my pictures have suddenly experienced a drastic drop in quality: Facebook gave me an iPhone, which has a large enough portability advantage over my DSLR that its hard not to use it constantly. Ah, modern technology. EDIT: We found housing!!!!!!!!!11cos(0) In true rfong style, I celebrated by buying a 14oz teapot. Just kidding. In even truer rfong style, I prematurely bought the teapot yesterday.

Existentialist traits in works of Henrik Ibsen - 1442 Words

Existentialism is a major twentieth century continental European philosophical movement. The label was inspired by the tendency of some of the writers like Kierkegaard, Heidegger , Sartre and Nietzsche to use the term existence for a kind of being or life unique, in their view, to human beings. Only in the case of human beings is the conduct of their life an issue for them; only they can stand out - exstare, the Latin word from which exist comes - from their lives and reflect upon them; and only they have the capacity freely to shape their lives. Though Existentialism can appear in a number of different forms, the focal point as Jean Paul Sartre puts it is existence precedes essence. The existentialists are of the view that as†¦show more content†¦[Puts one leg over the fence; then hesitates.] ... [Draws back his leg.] By making the choices which he has to make , Peer not only takes the responsibility of his own life but shapes others destinies too. Solveig, the girl who loves him truly, comes to him leaving all that belonged to her and thus she makes her choice , not aware of its consequences. SOLVEIG: The path I have trodden leads back nevermore After he leaves the Troll princes and comes back to Solveig , his true love , and thinks that his life is free from worries , the Troll princes comes to see him. He is again caught in a fix and has to chose between the two , he is now a father and has to bear the consequences of the deeds which he performed earlier in his life. And he has to bear it alone . George Luckas in Myth of Nothingness says: The emptiness and hollowness of human life which Sartre calls nothingness is also portrayed in a striking scene in Peer Gynt by Ibsen. The aging Peer Gynt is peeling off the layers of an onion, and playfully compares the single layers with the periods of his life, hoping at the end to come to the core of the onion and the core of his own personality. But layer follows layer, period after period of life; and no core is found.(1) Jean Paul SartresShow MoreRelatedRhetorical Analysis Of Harold Pinter s The Room 9709 Words   |  39 Pagesfame rests on not only his popular dramas but also on his political activism which is rooted in his concern for people and their condition in realms which can be termed as social, professional or political. In fact it can be said that many of his works starting from the early comedies of menace to the later overtly political plays run parallel to his political activism in the delineation of abuse of power in familial, social and political sphere and its somatic and psychosomatic impact on the modern

Identifying Patient s Needs And Analysis And Synthesis

Your Name: Janis Luce Date: January 15, 2015 Your Instructor’s Name: Knapp Purpose: The focus of this assignment is identifying patient’s needs and analysis and synthesis of details within the written client record and planning an appropriate discharge plan with necessary patient teaching of the disease process. Points: This assignment is worth a total of 100 points. Directions: Please refer to the Discharge Teaching Plan Guidelines found in Doc Sharing for details about how to complete this form. Type your answers on this form. Click â€Å"Save as† and save the file with the assignment name and your last name, e.g., â€Å"NR305_Discharge_Teaching_ Plan_Form_Smith† When you are finished, submit the form to the Teaching Plan Dropbox by the†¦show more content†¦It would be best to use a multifaceted approach to Mr. Yoder’s discharge planning. We can use the help of his son as well as any support groups in the community and continue to implement the help of a home health nurse. Focusing on how Mr. Yoder retains information best will be important here. We can alter our teaching methods to match his needs. It will also be important to focus on his readiness to learn. Using a multitude of techniques in Mr. Yoder’s plan of care will help him be successful in his discharge from the hospital. Implementing the assistance of community-focused programs can help give Mr. Yoder companionship. Support programs with the agencies on aging can be informative and helpful (www.agingcare.com, 2015). They can assist with getting patients to doctors appointment, planning meals, and offer support, which Mr. Yoder would benefit from all of those. Jon, Mr. Yoder’s son can also assist in educating and re-enforcing things to help Mr. Yoder remember what needs to be done, assisting him with his own accountability for his health. With the help of his son Jon, we can give him other people to help be accountable for his healthcare. To measure Mr. Yoder’s goals we can look at obtaining the number of times each week that he is able to leave the house or have assistance come in.

The Selfish Hedonist Free Essays

â€Å"I’ll have a husband yet / who shall be both my debtor and my slave / [†¦ ] for mine shall be the power all his life† (Chaucer 262). In The Canterbury Tales, the Wife of Bath, also known as Alison, presents herself as the authority on marriage and marital life. She comments on the social and legal position of women in marriage and daily life. We will write a custom essay sample on The Selfish Hedonist or any similar topic only for you Order Now She claims she has her knowledge from experience, not from scriptural authority. She dictates her life story of her five previous relationships with her fellow pilgrims to show her experience. Rather than rejecting scriptural authority, she appeals to logic thus rejecting too strict interpretations of scriptural rules and commandments. She gives ridiculous details of her marriages, including her marrying old wealthy men so that she could get their money once they died. After telling the unreasonable details of her relationships, she goes on to tell a tale about an old hag and one of King Arthur’s knights. The old hag forces the knight to marry her after she helps him with a life-saving question of â€Å"What do women most want in life? The Wife of Bath attempts to portray the idealness of a woman’s domination in the end yet she fails because the old hag becomes passive again. Through the Wife of Bath’s Prologue and Tale in The Canterbury Tales, Geoffrey Chaucer portrays the Wife of Bath as a selfish hedonist and feminist trying to gain complete control over men. Her new stand on women’s supremacy only shows her selfishness because she wasn’t trying to make a difference or revolutionize anything, she was only trying to gain personal benefits. The Wife of Bath’s prologue is used to explain the basis of her theories on authority and sovereignty. The medieval Church at the time of the Wife of Bath saw her as a wicked woman, and she boasts about it with pride: â€Å"If I turn difficult, God give me sorrow! † (262). â€Å"Her marrying three old men in succession is a violation of not only of the law of common sense but even of the law of Nature, who would bring together those of comparable age† (Oberembt 288). Marrying another man after already being married previously is already a scandalous crime for this time period. Now to marry someone much older than herself a few times in a row is wrong not only in the eyes of God, but it is wrong along the lines of common sense too. The text of the Wife of Bath’s Prologue is based on an allegorical ‘confession’ in which she tells her sins to her audience in her life story: â€Å"O Lord, I wrecked their peace / innocent they were, without remorse! † (Chaucer 268). She confesses to deceiving and tricking her husbands just so she could get money and admits to arrange a fifth marriage while still in her fourth. In doing so, she demoralizes herself to try to be better than a man. Having more power than a man means she gets to decide, yet she goes and ruins her own reputation just so she can have an edge over men. Her rebellion against patriarchal authority and the abusive treatment of particular men expressed by the Wife of Bath are really but the projections of her selfish attitude: â€Å"His pleasures were my profit, I concurred† (269). She does not care about anyone but herself and she chooses to display that willingly. She has a self-centered interpretation of the marriage. Oberembt uses the argument that she was only twelve years old in her first marriage and that she was unable to conceive a child with her first husband which could’ve lead to her â€Å"frustration† (Oberembt 288). Through her words, and mostly through her actions, the Wife of Bath expresses her views on a wife’s domination through her own life story. The Wife of Bath’s Tale is an exemplum, providing an answer to the question, â€Å"What do women want? † Chaucer uses the Wife of Bath to explain and give an example that women most desire sovereignty: â€Å"A woman wants the self-same sovereignty / over her husband† (Chaucer 186). The tale is Alison’s idea of the perfect illustration of her point. The Knight gives in to his new old wife and therefore she becomes beautiful in his eyes because she has now been given the right to choose. But if one was to switch the roles of men and women in society, men would become a very meek and uncertain group of people who wouldn’t know how to behave. â€Å"Thus the Wife of Bath comically inverted the conventional sex-linked male and female behaviors† (Oberembt 300). When the Knight of King Arthur lets the old hag make the decision, he abandoned the male’s sovereignty in favor of the woman’s rule: â€Å"My dearest wife / I leave the matter to your wise decision† (Chaucer 291). The Wife of Bath most likely sees her story as what she wishes would happen normally. But by her story, she’s not changing anything or giving examples on how to change the present ways because no man is going to willingly give up his sovereignty only to have his wife rule over him. The Wife of Bath is an early extreme feminist who believed in women having the most power and command over their husbands: â€Å"You make the choice yourself† (291). â€Å"Through the Old Hag, Dame Alice persuades an unreasonable male chauvinist to renounce self-indulgence and to accept the only reasonable norm for human conduct† (Oberembt 300). She is the only person who believes that a woman’s domination will make everyone happy. But on the man’s side of the story, he is forced to give up his masculinity and become sensual only so that his wife can now become masculine. In the Wife of Bath’s Tale, she attempts to convey her message that women want domination, yet with closer analysis one sees that her ideas do not seem to work out well. Chaucer seems to have made the relationship of the tale and the teller to force one to consider Alison’s argument of domination. The argument in contrast to this belief is the idea that the Alison just wants a mutual relationship, one that is of giving and receiving: â€Å"His pleasures were my profit, I concurred† (Chaucer 269). If the Wife of Bath is telling us that marriage is all about having sex with your spouse just so that they could give you fancy things and money in return, there is no sign of a revolutionary idea. McKinley states that â€Å"each spouse’s body becomes the property of the other by virtue of the new marital alliance† (371). If this is the case, then the couple has the right to each other and the right to have sex with each other and there shouldn’t be any type of give and take mentality. In the end of the tale, the old hag relinquishes her power and never really becomes the dominant of the two: â€Å"‘And have I won the mastery? said she† (Chaucer 291). She becomes a passive wife when she gives up her power by giving the knight what he wants. This is because the knight gives her the choice to choose and it seems as though she now has complete control, yet she gives up her power when he wants to have sex with her and she resigns his power and listens to him. The Wife of Bath’s Tale ultimately contradicts Alison’s belief of female domination in that the woman never gains domination over the man: â€Å"My dearest wife / I leave the matter to your wise decision [†¦ ] [Sir,] Do with my life and Death as you think best† (291). The language and acts of self-sacrifice, obedience, and submission seem to suggest the very antithesis of self-actualizing, assertive behavior which feminism [and Alison] has championed (McKinley 373). † Throughout the Wife of Bath’s Prologue, Alison stands strong to the idea that women should have complete control over their husbands. One might think that the tale she would tell contains support to her ideas, but it does not. For in the end, Chaucer shows us that th e Wife of Bath’s idea of domination wouldn’t work because she would eventually give her power up again only after just receiving it. Therefore, Chaucer depicts Alison as a selfish woman who wants authority over her husband and yet in the end he shows how her ideas would never work. One must come to the conclusion that the Wife of Bath only tries to express her belief in a wife’s complete supremacy over their husbands. In the Wife of Bath’s Prologue, Alison uses her experience to verify her theories on a wife’s supremacy. She also uses Biblical examples to support her ideas, such as previous Biblical characters that had multiple spouses. But her life story is evidence to her views and without her personal input one would wonder whether or not her beliefs really would work. In the Wife of Bath’s Tale, Alison most likely sees her story as what she wishes would happen normally. But with a closer look at the details, she’s not changing anything or giving examples on how to change the present ways because no man is going to willingly give up his sovereignty only to have his wife rule over him. Also, the tale ultimately proves Alison wrong because the old hag becomes passive in the end after being given the control. Alison proves her theory wouldn’t work, and Chaucer tries to explain why a woman’s superiority wouldn’t work too well through the old hag and her decision to give into the knight’s request of sex. How to cite The Selfish Hedonist, Papers

Indian National Congress free essay sample

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Shaw| Backward Place| Ruth Prawer Jhabwala| Bandicoot Run| Manohar Malgonkar| Bang-i-Dara| Mohammad lqbal| Bangla Desh-The Unifinished Revolution| Lawrence Lifschultz| Banyan Tree| Hugh Tinker| Beach Boy| Ardesher Vakil| Beast and Man| Murry Midgley| Beating the Street| Peter Lynch| Beginning of the Beginning| Acharya Rajneesh| Beloved| Toni Morrison| Ben Hur| Lewis Wallace| Bend in the Ganges| Manohar Malgonkar| Bermuda Triangle| Charles Berlitz| Berry Patches| Yevgeny Yevtushenko| Best and the Brightest| David Halberstan| Betrayal of Pearl Harbour| James Rusbridger and Eric Nave| Between Hope and History| Bill Clinton| Between Hope and History| Bill Clinton| Between the Lines| Kuldip Nayar| Bewildered India-Identity, Pluralism, Discord| Rasheedud-din Khan| Beyond Boundaries: A Memoire| Swaraj Paul| Beyond the Horizon| Eugene O’Neill| Beyond Modernisation, Beyond Self| Sisir Kumar Ghose| Beyond Peace| Richard Nixon| Bhagwat Gita| Veda Vyas| Bharal Aur Europe| Nirmal Verma| Bharat Bharati| Maithili Sharan Gupta| Bharaitya Parampara Ke Mool Swar| Govind Chandra Pande| Big Fisherman| Lloyd C. 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Oza| Bone People| Keri Hulme| Book of the Sword| Sir Richard Burton| Borders amp; Boundaries: Women in India’s Partition| Ritu Menon amp; Kamla Bhasin| Born Free| Joy Adamson| Bostaan| Sheikh Saadi| Bread, Beauty and Revolution| Khwaja Ahmed Abbas| Breaking the Silence| Anees Jung| Breakthrough| Gen. Moshe Dayan| Bride for the Sahib and Other Stories| Khushwant Singh| Bridge’s Book of Beauty| Mulk Raj Anand| Bridges of Madison Country| R. J. Waller| Brif History of Time| Stephen Hawking| Brishbikkha| Bankim Chandra Chatterji| Britain’s True History| Prem Bhatia| Broken Wings| Sarojini Naidu| Brothers Karamazhov| Fyodor Dostoevski| Bubble| Mulk Raj Anand| Buddha Charitam| Ashvaghosha| Bunch of Old Letters| Jawaharlal Nehru| Bureaucrazy| M. K. Kaw| Butterfield 8| John O’Hara| By God’s Decree| Kapil Dev| By Love Possessed| James Gould Cozzens| Byzantium| W. B. Yeats| Caesar and Cleopatra| G. B. Shaw| Call the Briefing| Martin Fitzwater| Cancer Ward| Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn| Canterbury Tales| G. Chaucer| Canvass of Life| Sheila Gujral| Caravans| James A. Michener| Cardinal| Henry M. Robinson| Castle| Franz Kafka| Catch-22| Joseph Heller| Catcher in the Rye| J. D. Salinger| Centennial| James Michener| Chance| Joseph Conrad| Chandalika| Rabindranath Tagore| Chemmeen| Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai| Cherry Orchard| Anton Chekhov| Chidambara| Sumitranandan Pant| Chikaveera Rajendra| Masti Venkatesh lyengar| Child Who Never Grew| Pearl S. Buck| Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage| George Byron| Childhood| Maxim Gorky| Children of Gabelawi| Naquib Mahfouz| Children of the Sun| Maxim Gorky| China Passage| J. K. Galbraith| China-Past and Present| Pearl S. Buck| China’s Watergate| Leo Goodstadt| Chinese Betrayal| B. N. Mullick| Chitra| Rabindranath Tagore| Choma’s Drum| K. Shivaram Karanath| Christabel| Samuel Taylor Coleridge| Christmas Tales| Charles Dickens| Chronicle of a Death Foretold| Gabriel Garcia Marquez| Chithirappaavai| P. V. Akilandam| City of Joy| Dominique Lapierre| City of Saints| Sir Richard Burton| Class| Erich Segal| Climate of Treason| Andrew Boyle| Clockwork Orange| Anthony Burgess| Clown| Heinrich Boll| Cocktail Party| T. S. Eliot| Colonel Sun| Kingsley Amis| Comedy of Errors| William Shakespeare| Common Sense| Thomas Paine| Communist Manifesto| Karl Marx| Confessions| J. J. Rousseau| Confessions of a Lover| Mulk Raj Anand| Comus| John Milton| Confessions of an Inquiring Spirit| S. T. Coleridge| Confessions of an English Opium Eater,| Thomas De Quincy| Confidential Clerk| T. S. Eliot| Confrontation with Pakistan| Gen. B. M. Kaul| Conquest of Happiness| Bertrand Russell| Conquest of Self| Mahatma Gandhi| Conservationist| Nadine Gordimer| Continent of Circle| Nirad C. Chaudhuri| Coolie| Mulk Raj Anand| Count of Monte Cristo| Alexander Dumas| Coup| John Updike| Court Dancer| Rabindranath Tagore| Coverly Papers| Joseph Addison| Cranford| Mrs. Gaskell| Creation| Gore Vidal| Crescent Moon| Rabindranath Tagore| Crescent Over Kashmir| Anil Maheshwari| Cricket on the Hearth| Charles Dickens| Crime and Punishment| Fyodor Dostoevsky| Crisis in India| Ronald Segal| Crisis into Chaos| E. M. S. Namboodiripad| Critical Mass| William E. Burrows| Critique of Pure Reason| Immanuel Kant| Crossing in River| Caryl Phillips| Crossing the Sacred Line-Women’s Search for Political Power| Abhilasha amp; Sabina Kidwai| Crossing the Threshold of Hope| Pope John Paul II| Crown and the Loincloth| Chaman Nahal| Crown of Wild Olive| John Ruskin| Cry, My Beloved Country| Alan Patan| Cuckold| Kiran Nagar Kar| Culture and Anarchy| Matthew Arnold| Culture in the Vanity Bag| Nirad C. Chaudhuri| Curtain Raisers| K. Natwar Singh| Damsel in Distress| P. G. 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Harrington| Death on the Nile| Agatha Christie| Death of a President| William Manchester| Death of a Salesman| Arthur Miller| Death-The Supreme Friend| Kakasaheb Kalelkar| Death Under sail| C. P. Snow| Debacle| Emile Zola| Decameron| Giovannie Boccaccio| Decline and Fall of Indira Gandhi| D. R. Mankekar and Kamala Mankekar| Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire| Edward Gibbon| Decline of the West| O’ Spengler| Democracy Means Bread and Freedom| Piloo Mody| Democracy Redeemed| V. K. Narsimhan| Descent of Man| Charles Darwin| Deserted Village| Oliver Goldsmith| Desperate Remedies| Thomas Hardy| Detective| Arthur Hailey| Devadas| Sarat Chandra Chatterjee| Dharmashastra| Manu| Dialogue with Death| Arthur Koestler| Diana-Her Time Story in Her Own Words| Andrew Martin| Diana-Princess of Wales : A Tribute| Tim Graham| Diana-The Story So Far| Julia Donelli| Diana-The True Story| Andrew Morton| Diana Versus Charles| James Whitaker| Die Blendung| Elias Canetti| Dilemma of Our Time| Harold Joseph Laski| Diplomacy| Henry Kissinger| Diplomacy and Disillustion| George Urbans| Diplomacy in Peace and War| J. N. Kaul| Disappearing Acts| Terry McMillan| Discovery of India| Jawaharlal Nehru| Distant Drums| Manohar Malgonkar| Distant Neighbours| Kuldip Nayar| Divine Comedy| A. Dante| Divine Life| Swami Sivananda| Doctor Faustus| Christopher Marlowe| Doctor’s Dilemma| G. B. Shaw| Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde| Robert Louis Stevensan| Dr. Zhivago| Boris Pasternak| Doll’s House| lbsen| Dolly-The Birth of a Clone| Jina Kolata| Don Juan| George Byron| Don Quixote| Cervantes| Don’t Laugh-We are Police| Bishan Lal Vohra| Double Betrayal| Paula R. Newburg| Double Helix| J. D. Watson| Double Tongue| William Golding| Double Teeth| U. B. Sinclair| Drogon’s Seed| Pearl S. Buck| Dream in Hawaii| Bhabani Bhattacharya| Dram of Fair to Middling Women| Samuel Beckett| Dreams, Roses and Fire| Eyvind Johnson| Drunkard| Emile Zola| Durgesh Nandini| Bankim Chandra Chatterjee| Dynamics of Social Change| Chandra Shekhar| Earth| Emile Zola| Earth in the Balance: Forging a New Common Purpose| Al Gore| Earth Mother| Pupul Jayakar| East of Eden| B. N. Mullick| East West| Salman Rushdie| East Wind| Pearl S. Buck| Economic Planning of India| Ashok Mehta| Economics of Peace and Laughter| John K. Galbraith| Economics of the Third World| S. K. Ray| Education of Public Man| Hubert Humphrey| Edwina and Nehru| Catherine Clement| Egmont| J. W. Von Goethe| Eight Lives| Rajmohan Gandhi| Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard| Thomas Gray| Emile| J. J. Rousseau| Eminent Churchillians| Andrew Roberts| Emma| Jane Austen| Empire of the Soul: Some Journeys in India| Paul William Roberts| Ends and Means| Aldous Huxley| End of a Beautiful Era| Joseph Brodsky| End of an Era| C. S. Pandit| End of History and the Last Man| Francis Fukuyama| End of the Chapter| John Forsyte| Enemies| Maxim Gorky| English August| Upamanyu Chatterjee| Envoy to Nehru| Escott Reid| Erewhon| Samuel Butler| Escape| John Forsyte| Eassay on Life| Samuel Butler| Essays for Poor to the Rich| John Kenneth Galbraith| Essays in Criticism| Matthew Arnold| Essays On Gita| Aurobindo Ghosh| Essays of Elia| Charles Lamb| Estate| Issac Bashevis Singer| Eternal Himalayas| Major H. P. S. Ahluwalia| Eternal India| Indira Gandhi| Eternity| Anwar Shaikh| Ethics| Aristotle| Europa| Time Parks| Eugenie Grandet| Honore de Balzac| Everlasting Man| G. K. Chesterton| Executioner’s Song| Norman Mailer| Exile and the Kingdom| Albert Camus| Expanding Universe| Arthur Stanley Eddington| Eye of the Storm| Patrick White| Eyeless in Gaza| Aldous Huxley| Faces to Everest| Maj. H. P. S. Ahluwalia| Facts are Facts| Khan Abdul Wali Khan| Fairie Queene| Edmund Spencer| Faith amp; Fire: A Way Within| Madhu Tandon| Fall of a Sparrow| Salim Ali| Family Moskat| Issac Bashevis Singer| Family Reunion| T. S. Eliot| Famished Road| Ben Okri| Far From the Madding Crowd| Thomas Hardy| Far Pavilions| M. M. Kaye| Faraway Music| Svetlana Allilueva| Farewell to the Trumpets| James Morris| Farewell to a Ghost| Manoj Das| Farewell to Arms| Ernest Hemingway| Farm House| George Orwell| Fasana-i-Azad| Ratan Nath Sarkar| Fathers and Sons| lvan Turgenev| Faust| J. W. Von Goethe| Faustus| Chirstopher Marlow| Fidelio| L. Beethoven| Fiesta| Ernest Hemingway| Fifth Column| Ernest Hemingway| Fifth Horseman| Larry Collins and Dominique Lapierre| Final Days| Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein| Final Passage| Caryl Phillips| Finding a Voice-Asian Women in Britain| Amrit Wilson| Fine Balance| Rohinton Mistry| Fire Next Time| James Baldwin| Fire Under the Snow: Testimony of a Tibetan Prisoner| Palden Gyatso| First Circle| Alexander Solzhenitsyn| Flags in the Dust| William Faulkner| Flames from the Ashes| P. D. Tandon| Flounder| Gunder Grass| Follywood Flashback| Bunny Reuben| Food, Nutrition and Poverty in India| V. K. R. V. Rao| For the President’s Eyes Only| Christopher Andrew| For Whom the Bell Tolls| Emest Hemingway| Forbidden Sea| Tara Ali Baig| Forsyte Saga| John Galsworthy| Fortynine Days| Amrita Pritam| Franklin’s Tale| Geoffrey Chaucer| Fraternity| John Forsyte| Free Man’s Worship| Bertrand Russell| Freedom at Midnight| Larry Collins and Dominique Lapierre| French Revolution| Thomas Carlyle| Freedom Behind Bars| Sheikh Mohd. Abdullah| Freedom from Fear| Aung San Suu Kyi| French Leave| P. G. Wodehouse| Friend| Samuel Tayelor Coleridge| Friends and Foes| Sheikh Mujibur Rehman| Friends, Not Masters| Ayub Khan| From Hero to Eternity| James Jones| From india to America| S. Chandrashekhar| From Raj to Rajiv| Mark Tully and Zaheer Masani| From Rajpath to Lokpath| Vijaya Raja Scindia| Frozen Assets| P. G. Wodehouse| Full Moon| P. G. Wodehouse| Future of NPT| Savita Pande| Gambler| Fyodor Dostoevsky| Ganadevata| Tara Shankar Bandopadhyaya| Gandhi and Stalin| Louis Fisher| Gardener| Rabindra Nath Tagore| Garrick Year| Margaret Drabble| Gathering Storm| Winston Churchill| Geeta Govind| Jaya Dev| Ghasiram Kotwal| Vijay Tendulkar| Ghosts in the Machine| Arthur Koestler| Girl in Blue| P. G. Wodehouse| Girl On the Boat| P. G. Wodehouse| Gita Rahasya| Bal Gangadhar Tilak| Gitanjali| Rabindra Nath Tagore| Gladiators| Arthur Koestler| Glimpses of Indian Ocean| Z. A. Quasim| Glimpses of World History| Jawaharlal Nehru| Go Down Moses| William Faulkner| Goa| Asif Currimbhoy| God and the Bible| Mattew Arnold| Godan| Munshi Prem Chand| Godfather| Mario Puzo| Godrej: A Hundred Years| B. K. Karanjia| Gold Bat| P. G. Wodehouse| Golden Borough| James Frazer| Golden Gate| Vikram Seth| Golden Threshold| Sarojini Naidu| Gone Away| Dom Moraes| Gone with the Wind| Margaret Mitchell| Good Earth| Pearl S. Buck| Goodbye, Mr Chips| James Hilton| Gora| Rabindra Nath Tagore| Grace Notes| Bernard Mac Lavarto| Grammar of Politics| Harold Joseph Laski| Grapes of Wrath| John Steinbeck| Grapes and the Wind| Pablo Neruda| Great Challenge| Louis Fischer| Great Depression of 1990| Ravi Batra| Great Gatsby| F. Scott Fitzgerald| Great lllusion| Norman Angell| Great Tragedy| Z. A. Bhutto| Grey Eminence| Aldous Huxley| Grub Street| Henry Fielding| Guide| R. K. Narayan| Guide for the Perplexed| E. F. Schumacher| Gul-e-Naghma| Raghupati Sahai ‘Firaq’ Gorakhpuri| Gulag Archipelago| Alexander Solzhenitsyn| Gulistan Boston| Sheikh Saadi| Gulliver’s Travels| Jonathan Swift| Gulzari Lal Nanda: A Peep in the Service of the People| Promilla Kalhan| Gurusagaram| O. V. Vijayan| Gypsy(poem)| Pushkin| Hamlet| William Shakespeare| Hard Times| Charles Dickens| Harsha Charita| Bana Bhatt| Hamsters| C. P. Snow| Handful of Dust| Evelyn Waugh| Happy Death| Albert Camus| Harlot High and Low| Honore de Balzac| Harvest| Majula Padmanabhan| Heart of Darkness| Joseph Conrad| Heavem Has No Favourites| Eric Maria Remarque| Heat and Dust| Ruth Prawer Jhabwala| Heavy Weather| P. G. Wodehouse| Henderson the Rain King| Saul Bellow| Heritage| Anthony West| Hero of Our Times| Richard Hough| Heroes and Hero worship| Thomas Carlyle| Henry Esmond| Thackeray| Heir Apparent| Dr. Karan Singh| Higher than Hope| Fatima Meer| Himalayan Blunder| Brig J. P. Dalvi| Hindu View of Life| Dr. S. Radhakrishnan| History of Hindu Chemistry| Sir. P. C. Ray| Hitopadesh| R. K. Narayan| Hindi Sahitya Aur Samvedna Ka Vikas| R. S. Chaturvedi| Hind Swaraj| M. K. Gandhi| Hindu Civilisation| J. M. Barrie| Hinduism| Nirad C. Choudhury| His Excellency| Emile Zola| History of the English Speaking Peoples| Sir Winston Churchil| Home Comings| C. P. 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Harrison| In Confidence| Anatolyu Dobrynin| In Evil Hour| Gabriel Garcia Marquez| In Light of India| Octavio Paz| In Retrospect-The Tragedy and Lessons of Vietnam| Robert S. McNamara| In Search of Gandhi| Richard Attenborough| In Search of Identity| Anwar el-Sadat| In the Afternoon of Time| Dr. Rupert Snell| In the Bluest Eye| Toni Morrison| In the Light of the Black Sun| Rohit Manchanda| In the Shadow of Pines| Mandeep Rai| India 2020: A Vision for the New Millennium| Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam amp; Dr. Y. S. Rajan| India-A Wounded Civilisation| V. S. Naipaul| India discovered| John Keay| India-Facing the Twenty-First Century| Barbara Crossette| India-From Curzon to Nehru and After| Durga Dass| India-From Midnight to the Millennium| Shashi Tharoor| India-Independence Festival (1947-1997)| Raghu Rai| India in Transition| PRof. Jagdish Bhagwati| India is for Sale| Chitra Subramaniam| India of Our Dreams| M. V. 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Naipaul| Mirror of the Sea| Joseph Conrad| Miser| Moliere| Missed Oppertunites: Indo-Pak War 1965| Maj-Gen, Lakshman Singh| Mistaken identity| Nayantara Sehgal| Moby Dick| Herman Melville| Modern Painters| John Ruskin| Mother India| Katherine Mayo| Mod Classics| Joseph Conrad| Modern South Asia: History, Culture, Political Economy| Sugata Bose amp; Ayesha Jalal| Modernity Morality And The Mahatma| Madhuri Santhanam Sondhi| Mondays on Dark Night of Moon| Kirin Narayan| Mookhajjiva Kanasugalu| K. Shivram Karanth| Moon and Six Pence| W. Somerset Maugham| Moonlight Sonata| L. 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Naipaul| Arion and the Dolphin| Vikram Seth| Arms and the Man| George Bernard Shaw| Around the World in Eighty Days| Jules verne| Arrangement| Elia Kazan| Arrival and Departure| Arthur Koestler| Arrow in the Blue| Arthur Koestler| Arrow of Good| Joseph Conrad| Arrowsmith| Sinclair Lewis| Arthashastra| Kautilya| As I Lay Dying| William Faulkner| As You Like It| William Shakespeare| Ascent of the Everest| Sir John Hunt| Ashtadhyayi| Panini| Asia and Western Dominance| K. M. Panikkar| Asian Drama| Gunnar Myrdal| Aspects of the Novel| E. M. Forster| Assassination of a Prime Minister| S. Anandram| Assignment Colombo| J. N. Dixit| Assignment India| Christopher Thomas| Athenian Constitution| Aristotle| Atoms of Hope| Mohan Sundara Rajan| August 1914| Alexander Solzhenitsyn| August Coup| Mikhali S. Gorbachev| Author’s Farce| Henry Fielding| Autobiography of an Unknown Indian| Nirad C. Chaudhuri| Autumn Leaves| O. 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Oza| Bone People| Keri Hulme| Book of the Sword| Sir Richard Burton| Borders amp; Boundaries: Women in India’s Partition| Ritu Menon amp; Kamla Bhasin| Born Free| Joy Adamson| Bostaan| Sheikh Saadi| Bread, Beauty and Revolution| Khwaja Ahmed Abbas| Breaking the Silence| Anees Jung| Breakthrough| Gen. Moshe Dayan| Bride for the Sahib and Other Stories| Khushwant Singh| Bridge’s Book of Beauty| Mulk Raj Anand| Bridges of Madison Country| R. J. Waller| Brif History of Time| Stephen Hawking| Brishbikkha| Bankim Chandra Chatterji| Britain’s True History| Prem Bhatia| Broken Wings| Sarojini Naidu| Brothers Karamazhov| Fyodor Dostoevski| Bubble| Mulk Raj Anand| Buddha Charitam| Ashvaghosha| Bunch of Old Letters| Jawaharlal Nehru|

Irony in Hamlet Essays - English-language Films,

The definition of irony is a technique of indicating, as through character or plot development, an intentiIrony is seen throughout this whole play and can be recognized by many in many different ways. We come across dramatic, which is very hard to determine in ?Hamlet?, we also see situational, and verbal, or sarcasm, as well. Below are some examples of each and some possible interpretations of how I viewed them to be. Let?s first look at some dramatic irony throughout the play. There is very little in the play where only the audience is aware of something that one of the characters does not already know. One that comes to mind is in the very last scene when the audience is aware of the poisoned swords and Hamlet is not. Up to that point the audience, because of the peculiar intimacy, which Shakespeare builds into Hamlet?s character, knows exactly what Hamlet, and knows as he knows himself! The audience becomes an accomplice to Hamlet's confusion; his despair and his deception of oth ers and he communes with the audience directly, using it as a sounding board for his own deliberations. One of the only other ones I came across would be when Polonius is killed. The audience is aware that it is Polonius behind the curtain and not the King as Hamlet believes. On or attitude opposite to that which is actually or ostensibly stated.

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buy custom Career Development essay Human resource management plays a core role in promoting the performance of an organization or business. Managers involved are tasked with developing strategies that aim at making good use of available human resources to realize good results economically. As such, their efforts augment the positive impact within the business environment and society. It is therefore, well known that human resource managers work towards identifying the needs of an organization, hiring the correct people and managing them in the most appropriate way. Aside from this, the human resource management oversees career development processes for its employees to equip them with furnished skills for better performance and meet changing needs of the organization (Strandberg, 2009). How do human resource managers achieve this? One of these ways is the creation of alternative career paths for employees. This incorporates the skills of employees with what they desire to do or become. In other words, managers go-ahead to discover the passion and dreams of its employees in order to address their needs (Strandberg, 2009). By so doing, employees are able to have a positive attitude towards their jobs. As part of career development, human resource managers also engage in cross-training of employees. This involves teaching employees new skills that fall outside of their job requirements, which allows workers to perform other duties whenever the need arises. Additionally, job rotation creates opportunities for employees to do different jobs within the same organization for the purpose of realizing set goals and objectives. Other ways in which human resource managers help employees to develop their careers include career coaching, flextime,job enlargement, job enrichment, job sharing, and phased retirement among oth ers (Strandberg, 2009). Reflecting on my career development, I see myself in a higher management position in five years to come. This is best on the commitment of the company to empower employees through different programmes of career development. The best way to be assisted in career development is by knowing individual career opportunities and recommended paths leading to such destinations. Through training, counseling and other methods mentioned above, it is possible to realize one's reasonable career development. With current career development opportunities, I believe that they will be sufficient for my needs. Buy custom Career Development essay

Revising a learning space Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Revising a learning space - Essay Example The facilities found in any room can be used as alternatives to the rapidly improving technology (Gee). For instance, a white board may be placed in a class room and this eliminates the need for PowerPoint presentations and the use of projectors. Chairs may be designed in such a way that there is storage at the bottom of each chair where one may place their belongings. This eliminates the need for cupboards. The use of hairs that can easily be folded and stored to create more space in the room may also be implemented (www.oecd.org). Teaching laboratories are essential in any learning institute. These laboratories must have a computers that belong to the facility as they tend to be interactive rooms. Mobile computer laboratories with network printers and wireless access point are employed here. Open laboratories are also required in cases where there is a one on one support. They are equipped with the same software as teaching laboratories and are usually rum by the student workers. I n all these laboratories, the furniture should be movable so as to support various types of learning activities offered (Gee). Classrooms should be designed according to the number of students at the institute. In rooms with more than fifty students the floors are designed in such a way that they are steeply sloped. This is to enable the students in the back to see over the heads of students in front. It should fitted with comfortable chairs, a white board or a projector to aid during teaching process. They should be designed in such a manner that allows the students to see both the board and the lecturer (Gee). The furniture in the lecture halls should be portable and can be easily reconfigured for various learning activities. Lighting is very essential in any lecture room where a combination of both natural and artificial light may be implemented. The lighting should be such that it does not produce glare or hotspots on the white boards. Blinds can

The Undead Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Undead - Research Paper Example hemselves are only moderate and somewhat ambiguous, and the emphasis is on those telling the stories and experiencing them being not really sure whether they encountered ghosts with dead certainty (Goldstein, Greider, and Thomas, 2007, pp. 29-31): The drama comes from the subject matter and the manner in which people tell the stories rather than from the extraordinary behavior of the supernatural beings. In the oral tradition, people commonly report merely feeling some type of â€Å"presence†, a cold feeling in the room, or strange noises and nothing more† (Goldstein, Greider and Thomas, 2007, p. 29). The same observation is made with regard to the subtle and ambiguous reality of ghosts as they are rendered in American culture. The take is that in American culture, the reality is something that cannot be fixed with the certainty of fact, but is embedded within the hazy and deliberately ambiguous stories that people tell each other when they relate their experiences about ghosts. This is the case, for instance, in observations of how ghosts are portrayed in American literature that represents the best of American culture through the ages (Lewis, 2005, pp. 33-34): James thus poses, in somewhat clumsy form, the sorts of questions that will bedevil interpreters of his later ghost stories. Was the fathers death a natural result of his anxiety over the fake haunting, or did the narrators tearing of the daughters veil somehow, supernaturally, cause it?... Jamess refusal to answer these questions provides an early example of the workings of what I shall call â€Å"shared fictions† in his later ghost stories (Lewis, 2005, p. 34). Apart from these American cultural artifacts there are also insights to be gleaned in cultural renderings of ghosts in America as they pertain to the conceptions of ghosts reflected in rituals involving the dead and involving ghosts in general, such as Halloween. In Halloween conceptions of ghosts, they are lumped together with witches who

Strategy Management For European Tour Operators Tourism Essay

Strategy Management For European Tour Operators Tourism Essay The tourism industry of Europe is dynamic and the growth in this sector is accelerating at a fast pace. In recent times, the tourism industry has gained huge amount of momentum as it is greatly influenced by the changing dynamics of the society; it has become a networked society in which everyone is linked together by various technological mediums (Tourismlink, 2012). With the rise of the industrial society, the concept of tourism has changed into a mass leisure activity. The globalisation and post modernisation are the two crucial factors that have generated a fragmented, assorted and individualised field of tourism demand and supply. In Europe, the tourism industry is undergoing consolidation in which the number of players is decreasing as a result of both mergers and acquisitions (ECORYS, 2009). The primary factors that have supported the forming of an integrated and strengthened tour operator are increased globalisation, new and cheaper modes of transportation and severe usage of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). As the tourism industry is becoming competitive on international level, it has become vital for the tour operators to take account of the factors that can impact their business operations. PESTEL Analysis of Tourism Industry In order to assess the external environment faced by the tour operators in Europe, PESTEL analysis is an effective tool for ensuring that crucial aspects are appropriately handled. This analysis allows the players to remain alert about the external environment characteristics that can impact their business strategies and ultimately operations. The PESTEL analysis of tourism industry for European tour operators is as follows: Political Since the 9/11 event, the airline industry had to bear high costs as the government has refused to tolerate the security cost. As the costs cannot be tolerated by the airline companies, they have transferred the complete cost to the consumers. The immigration laws have been made strict so that the corrupt elements cannot gain entrance in the country (Butler, 2011). There are many countries that are willing to join the European Union (EU) which can impact the political environment significantly. Euro is a strong currency worldwide that allows easy conversion of the currency. Similarly, the parliament of EU has asked the airlines to pay taxes on the aviation fuel so that they can support the EU carbon emission trading scheme (Furmanov, Balaeva Predvoditeleva, 2011). Economics The tourism industry is affected by the recession. Most of the airline companies are relaying on very low margin of profit and both big and small players are being affected by such depressing situations worldwide. Once the recession will get over, only then the bigger players will be able to exploit the opportunities and even gain new opportunities (Richards, 2011). The recession has impacted the exchange rate as there is a lot of fluctuations in it. It has been reported by Richards (2011) that Euro is still depreciating and the euro rate has been reported to depreciate by 20% of the dollar. Socio-cultural The living standards of people are improving and life expectancy rate is also extending at a fast pace which shows that older people will travel more to have a good time. It is expected that the percentage of aging population that will travel in Europe will be about 60%. The travel patterns of people are changing as they want a diverse range of options in selecting the travelling destinations; the consumers are expecting a wide variety of choices as they want to travel different places and make their travelling plans on their own (ECORYS, 2009). It is also projected that the number of short holidays will grow by about 47% in EU and European tourists have modified their behaviours as they prefer to travel abroad rather than domestic places. Technological As a result of technological advances, the work of tour operators has become automated. Most of the people are using Internet to make online reservations and avail the services of online travel agencies. Almost all the tour operators are making use of both traditional and online platforms for reaching customers and it has helped them in curtailing down the cost of these operators (Furmanov, Balaeva Predvoditeleva, 2011). Environmental Since people have become too much environmentally concerned, the UK government stopped the plan for a third runway at Heathrow as a result of increase in pollution. The government has even imposed the green tax for offsetting the carbon emissions effect. Some health factors like SARS and Swine flu impacted the travellers destination choice (Tourismlink, 2011). Legal In order to keep a strict control on the tour operators, the government has imposed stricter rules and regulations. The competition policy of EU keeps an eye on the companies to ensure that they dont club together to give unfavourable packages to the customers (Richards, 2011). Porters Five Forces Model According to Tourismlink (2011), the analysis of the EU tourism industry according to the Porters Five Forces Model reveals the following aspects: Threat of new entrants The new entrants cannot easily enter the tourism industry as there is high cost associated with initial investment cost as it requires huge amount of capital. The existing companies have strong brand loyalty so the customers will not easily switch to any other company. Competition among rivals Within the market, there is very less intense competition as there are only limited big players. Although there are various indirect competitors in the industry but the top players in EU are still Thomas Cook and TUI Travel PLC. Bargaining power of suppliers In the case of tourism industry, the bargaining power of suppliers is moderate as there are various options airlines, hotels and travel agents. Since the customers are willing to do online booking, the airlines and hotels are reaching them by their own online platforms. Bargaining power of buyers The bargaining power of buyers is low as there is very less difference between the products that are offered by the travel agencies. As the customers are able to make online booking, even it will not impact their bargaining power. Threat of substitutes It is a known fact that people will never leave their leisure activities especially the travelling option as it provides them the chance of going away from home. Other alternatives are available for people such as in-home activities, domestic trips to town, playing video games but they can never replace the travelling option. It means that there will be low threat of substitutes. Industry Life Cycle The concept of Tourism Area Life Cycle was coined by Butler (2011) who stated that the tour operators have to analyse the industry to ensure that they introduce the new products and services in accordance to the demands of the customers. The factors that are considered by the players are the prices offered to the customers, packages designing according to the destination places, changing demands of the customers, tourist attractions to be presented to visitors and availability of various facilities. Currently, EUs tourism industry is in the consolidation stage as there are only few competitors and people are spending limited amount of money on foreign travels. Source: Butler (2011) Conclusion The effect of recession is slowly wearing off and EU tourism industry is expected to grow further by offering various attractive packages to the customers. hence, the tour operators have to ensure that they present the best travel packages to the customers that will allow them to reap the opportunity of having a marvellous travelling experience in the region.

Lego Analysis Essay

Large losses in Vinalines, Vinashin, EVN, Vietnam Cement Corporation VICEM, Song Da Corporation, TKV †¦ somehow make it easier for the Vietnamese economy sinking into stagnation condition than ever before. Global economic slowdown led to foreign investment flows into Vietnam show signs of decline. Attract foreign investment from the beginning of 2012 to 04/20/2012 only 68. 5% compared to the same period last year, which is down 0. 3% compared to the same period last year. Trinh Thanh Hoan, Director of Insurance Management and Supervision Department of Finance, commented that: the financial crisis affecting the insurance industry in Vietnam, but not heavy. Vietnam’s insurance industry is one of the few lucky industries has overcome the crisis. Revenue growth rate of the insurance industry first 6 months of 2012 has reached a relative situation, though not as high as in 2011. Original insurance exploitation activities increased by 11% compared to the same period in 2011, of which 13. 5% non-life sector, life insurance increased by 8. %. In this context, the Prudential – with revenue of VND 2,182 billion, accounting for 39. 69% of the market array of life insurance market in Vietnam is facing great opportunities to promote their competitiveness The study of the financial situation in 2011 by Prudential in conjunction with specifying the challenges they are facing in 2012 through which creating a premise to promote the Vietnamese insurance m arket in general and the Prudential Vietnam in particular to develop at a stable and healthy way is the reason why this topic was chosen. Title: â€Å"How was the financial situation of Prudential Vietnam in 2011, its problems in 2011 and its challenges in 2012† Object of this project is to study the financial situation in 2011 of Prudential Viet Nam in which the writer focused on the analysis of sales along with the challenges that they are facing in 2012, which is the main factor determining the competitive position of the company The range of research topics: In term of spatial: The insurance company in Vietnam, especially Prudential In term of time: Empirical research in the period 2011-2012 Research objectives of the project are presented in three main aspects, namely: Develop practical scientific arguments about the challenges that Prudential are facing in 2012 as an important strategy in business development issues of Prudential Analysis of the financial situation of Prudential Vietnam in the 12-month period of 2011 The layout of the contents of the subject consists of three parts: Chapter 1: Historical development and organizational structure of Prudential Vietnam. Chapter 2: How Prudential Vietnam did their business in 2011. Chapter 3: Financial Situation of Prudential Vietnam in 2011 compared to 2010, its problems in 2011 and its challenges in 2012. In term of finishing this project, because of limitation in knowledge about finance and insurance field and the lack of information that we can find both on The Internet and directly from Prudential Vietnam, our report may be confined. We would like to show our gratitude to Dr. Gitte Top, who has specially enthusiasm in guiding our group during the process of doing and finalizing this project. We wish you be always happy in your life. METHODOLOGY A. The method used in general is the research â€Å"onion† * Definition : In order to answer how a research should be answered a clear methodology was sought which is referred as â€Å"research onion†. It presents a clear framework for the most suitable methods and strategies to address a research. It promotes the knowledge to answer a research question. After deciding a suitable philosophy other elements are selected from the layers which assist in answering a research. Each element in a different layer is discussed below in order to get an idea why elements were selected while conducting a research * The purpose of research onion The classification of research purpose most often used in the research method literature is threefold one of exploratory, descriptive and explanatory. However, in the same way as our research question can be both descriptive and explanatory, so our project may have more than one price. Indeed, as Robson (2002) point out: â€Å"The purpose of your enquiry may change over time† I. The research paradigms The first layer of the onion is research paradigms. It gives an idea that how we think about the research. Several views about research process dominate the literature, which include positivism, realism, interpretivism and others as well. The knowledge is always judged in different ways and these are different ways you can judge the knowledge. We chose realism because it is a mixture of both the philosophies positivism and interpretivism as it allows us to study for the social issues trying to understand the impact of wider social forces. Moreover, we would take advantage of the accuracy in evaluation of the figures provided in the financial report of Prudential in 2011 to see correctly its problems and challenges. These reasons are why the realism is selected II. The research approaches The second layer of research ‘onion’ refers to research approach. There are two approaches involved: 1. Deductive approach Deductive approach works from more general to specific. This is informally called as top-down approach. A deductive approach is consistent with developing a theory and testing it through research. Arguments based on laws, rules and accepted principles are generally used for Deductive Reasoning. 2. Inductive approach Inductive reasoning works the other way like deductive moving from specific to general to broader generalization and theories. And informally it is referred as bottom op approach. And its conclusion is likely based on premises and usually involves a degree of uncertainty. Because of the limitation about the information we can look up, we chose the deductive approach in order to have a clear orientation to carry out the project. B. The project I. Object of this project: To analyze financial situation of Prudential corporation in 2011, then reveal factors affecting the company included the cost and national economy situation and as well as the difficulties which corporation face in the this year II. The range of project * In term of space : Insurance market in Viet Nam and especially Prudential * In term of time: Practical research in the 12-month period of 2011 about the main activities of the Prudential corporation; challenges of Prudential in 2012 III. The research objective Offer the student the opportunity to train the skills falling into the categories of writing a report – to learn the logic and practice of investigating/analyzing actual problems, equivalent to current challenges in modern financial companies – and to being introduced to formulating a research question. IV. The research methodology To estimate specifically and exactly how was financial situation of Prudential Vietnam in 2010 our group thinks it is suitable to use dialectical materialist methodology (human relations results), along with the clever combination of theories in economics and management, based on the analysis of reliable material which our group collected, in which we focuses on information on the homepage of Prudential Vietnam. C. The structure of assignment The layout of the contents of the subject consists of five parts 1. The introductory part 2. Methodology 3. The main part a. Chapter 1: Historical Development and Organizational Structure of Prudential Vietnam b. Chapter 2: How Prudential Vietnam did their business in 2011 c. Chapter 3: Financial Situation of Prudential Vietnam in 2011, its problems in 2011 and challenges in 2012 4. Conclusion 5. Appendix CHAPTER 1: HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL STRUTURE OF PRUDENTIAL VIETNAM PART 1: HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT Established in London 1848, Prudential is one of the world’s leading retail financial services groups providing life insurance, financial services and asset management products and it has been writing life insurance in the United Kingdom for 163 years. In 1995, Prudential arrived in Vietnam ;amp; established the Prudential Representative Office in Hanoi, the capital of Vietnam. Later on, in 1997, it established a 2nd Representative office in Ho Chi Minh City After 11 years , in 2006 , it was awarded the â€Å"No. 1 brand in Insurance – Finance – Banking Industryâ€Å". Up to now, it has keep dominating the market share in insurance market. PART 2: ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE Board of Directors Mr. Alexander John Hambly Chairman (Non-Executive Director) Mr. Hambly is the Regional Head of Private Equity of Eastspring Investments (Singapore) Limited (formerly known as Prudential Asset Management (Singapore) Limited) joined Prudential in 2003 and was Chief Executive Officer and Chief Investment Officer of Eastspring Investments Fund Management Limited Liability Company (formerly known as Prudential Vietnam Fund Management Private Limited Company) from January 2006 to September 2007. Alex was also the Chief Executive Officer for Prudential Property Investment Management (Singapore) Pte. Ltd from September 2007 to February 2010 and the Chief Executive Officer of PPEM Pte. Ltd. from March 2009 to October 2010. He has more than 20 years’ direct investment experience gained in both Asia and other major markets. Prior to joining Prudential, he worked for four years for Actis (formerly known as CDC Capital Partners) based in Singapore, four years with HSBC Private Equity based in India, and seven years with Barclays Bank plc based in London, India and Singapore, the last three years of which he was on secondment to a private equity fund (Baronsmead plc) in the United Kingdom. He holds a BA in Modern History from Durham University in the UK. Mr. Hambly is also a member of the VII Audit and Remuneration Committees. He has not been a director of any other listed company in the last three years. Mr. Henry (Van Hung) Lam Managing Director (Chief Executive Officer) Mr. Lam, a resident of Vietnam, was born in Vietnam and came to Australia in 1977 and studied electrical engineering. He resides in Vietnam and is responsible for the group’s operations in Vietnam. He was awarded the â€Å"Red Star† at the end of 2000, the first overseas Vietnamese to receive this, for his contribution to the economy of Vietnam and in 2010 he was awarded the â€Å"Second Class Labour Medal†. He has not been a director of any other listed company in the last three years. Mr. Lam is a director and shareholder of Corbyns International Limited, the Company’s ultimate holding company. Mr. Alan Alexander Young Managing Director (Chief Operating Officer) Mr. Young commenced his business career in the financial sector and was employed for several years in banking and finance. For the past twenty years, he has gained wide experience in the administration of public companies, particularly in the resource sector. Mr. Young is a Board member of all the operating subsidiaries in Vietnam. He was a Fellow of the Institute of Corporate Managers, Secretaries and Administrators and past President of the Western Australia-Vietnam Business Council Inc. He has not been a director of any other listed company in the last three years. Mr. Roger (Sing-Leong) Kwok Independent Non-Executive Director Mr. Roger Kwok is the Managing Director of Arcadia Group in Perth which specialises in designing, developing and managing retirement resorts and premium properties. For the last twenty years, Mr. Kwok has managed a number of Australian businesses in the automotive and healthcare sectors. He is a past president of The Western Australian Chinese Chamber of Commerce and brings significant experience in business relations in international markets, particularly China, which sources raw materials to VII’s rolling mills. Mr. Kwok is the Chairman of the VII Audit and Remuneration Committees. He has not been a director of any other listed company in the last three years. Mr. Andrew David Walker  (appointed 3 January 2012) Independent Non-Executive Director Mr. Walker has graduate and postgraduate qualifications in Medicine and Medical Science from Newcastle University and is a Fellow of the International College of Surgeons. He also has a MBA from The University of Melbourne. Before starting his business career, Andrew was as officer in the Australian Army and a Platoon Commander in Australia’s elite parachute regiment. Mr. Walker has a wide range of Board experiences, both Public and Private companies. He was the Past-Chairman of the Melbourne Chapter of the Young Presidents Organisation. He was named the 2006 Ernst & Young’s National â€Å"Entrepreneur of the Year† (Service Category). In the past three years,  Mr. Walker is the Executive Chairman of Vallenar Iron Company and Founder-Chairman of Aspen Medical Pty Ltd. Mr. Walker is a member of the VII Audit and Remuneration Committees. CHAPTER 2: HOW PRUDENTIAL VIETNAM DID THEIR BUSINESS IN 2011 PART 1: HOW DID PRUDENTIAL GET PROFIT? The renovation and modernization of the country and international economic integration requires every industry, every business have to try harder, continuing deeply comprehensive reform in all its activities. With the function of mobilizing small amount of money from countless individuals to create a central insurance fund to invest in various sectors of the economy, insurance companies, particularly life insurance Prudential company has become an institution, a key professional investors on the capital market of many countries. And if the world over a long period, the investment activities of the non-life insurance companies are considered a complementary activities in order to increase profits in addition to profit from insurance operations, since the type of life insurance on the market, investors have become a very important activity, can’t be separated and have to say it determines the survival of life insurance companies. To be more specific, the writer will present the way Prudential get profits. Firstly, by buying insurance contracts, Prudential’s employees try to persuade other people to buy their insurance policies. They will get amount of money when the contracts accomplish and unless the buyer have some problems with their body or life, the company will use the money to invest some particular activities to make more profits. Secondly, they generate profit by mortgage. Lending is an important role for life-insurance company. With the nature as an investment tool, Prudential company must also be subject to some limitations when it carry out loan such as restrictions on the maximum amount allowed for limited borrowing and lending of money. Currently the mortgage loans of life insurance companies primarily secured by real estate . Most of loans under life-insurance company tend to increase quickly. This is also the form of attracting more customers to the insurance company. In Vietnam today lending policy is very popular and used by insurance companies as a form of competition. The next one is that Prudential company invested in securities. This is the investment tool which is used by almost life-insurance company most widely, hence the profits from investment securities giving the insurance company is very huge. Moreover, investing in securities has a high liquidity because insurance companies can quickly sell the securities to the market if demand for payment is necessary. Stocks and bond are two kinds of securities which most life insurance companies prefer to invest. In a word, investing in securities has higher margins than other forms of investment. Life-insurance companies tend to invest large value on that list. Associating with the development of securities market in recent years, the investment of life insurance companies in this market is considerably increased. Currently Most of life-insurance companies move to invest in securities and loans which have guaranteed level less but have a higher expected rate of return. Next, Investing in real estate is important element without mention on the way to generate profit . The investment in real estate plays an essential role because it maintains the stability of the value of investing in real estate which is less affected by inflation. However, investing in real estate has high market risk and low liquidity. Therefore the real estate business of life-insurance Prudential is suffered from certain limitations. In addition to these forms of investment, life insurance companies also invest in other forms of joint ventures, deposits at credit institutions, pledge and mortgage. With life insurance company investment which is usually long term should be greater long-term portfolio than that of non-life insurance companies . In previous time, loans secured by the mortgage is the primary form of investment life insurance companies. These investments often bring a higher rate of return than investments in government bonds, although liquidity is not high. Those are the fourth best ways of Prudential company to gain profit. However, it does not mean that they are the only measures. To generate profit, Prudential also take part in forms of organization and operation of investment. And Prudential with a large scale of enterprise and the nature of insurance can invest in this activity with two forms: The first one is establishing investment company belonging to Prudential company. The establishment of an independent investment organization in the form of the investment company or investment fund owned by the insurance company all the shares or hold the shares in the form of applied fairly common in the insurance company in the world. This pattern is consistent with the large-scale insurance companies and developing companies, it helps insurance Prudential company concentrate on its resources to improve the quality and efficiency of investment activities. These funds may only focus on a geographical area or specific industry groups or a wide range of activities and general investment fields. In recent years insurance companies have large-scale switch to set up the fund to focus its resources and improve the quality and efficiency of investment activities. The next one, Prudential buy shares in the non-dominant of other investment company. PART 2: PRUDENTIAL MARKET SHARE AND THEIR COMPETITORS Market share * 2011 situation 2011 was a challenging year for the global economy and Vietnam was not an exception. The slow growth in the US and EU region also softened Vietnam’s export demand. Moreover, the tightening policy by the SBV to tackle inflation lowered domestic industrial activities. For the full year of 2011, GDP growth was 5. 9% compared to 6. 8% in 2010. This is the second lowest year of GDP growth in the last decade, only higher than 2009 the year after the global financial crisis started. According to the annual report 2011, the revenue of Prudential Vietnam account for nearly 39% of the total revenue of the life insurance market, reduced 1% compared to 2010. However, Prudential Vietnam has reached new business premium of VND615 billion ($30 million), up 21. 2% year-on-year. The total premium income increased to VND2. 8 trillion ($137 million), up 12. % year-on-year. With the market share of 38%, the company reaffirmed its No. 1 position in Vietnam’s life insurance market. In additional, Prudential Vietnam has won the  Golden Dragon Award 2011  with the title â€Å"Best Financial Service† for all three business units in Vietnam: Prudential Vietnam Assurance, Eastspring Investments and Prudential Finance. This is the 10th consecutive time th at Prudential has won the Golden Dragon Award. * Prediction in 2012 2012 outlook is expected to improve due to consistent government policy, the more stable VND and improvement in the balance of payment. We become increasingly optimistic about Vietnam outlook in 2012 due to the consistency of SBV in implementing monetary policy, the more stable VND, and the improvement in the balance of payment. However, in the short term, lower GDP growth is expected in trade off for long term macro stability. During this period, the equity market might remain volatile and highly reactive to releasing news. We think that selective investment in sectors with stable consumption demand (i. e. non-cyclical consumer goods) or have a strong financial capacity will bring benefits for investors. In the long run, we increasingly become optimistic about the equity market as the VN Index valuation is currently at one of its lowest levels historically and compared to other markets in the region. Competitor In Vietnam, the insurance sector is regulated by the Insurance Supervisory Division within the Ministry of Finance. The insurance trade association is the Association of Vietnamese Insurers (AVI). The main life insurance companies are: Bao Viet (also a non-life insurance company); Prudential; Manulife; AIA; Dai-ichi Life; ACE Life; and Prevoir. Key non-life insurance companies include: Bao Viet (also a life insurance company); Bao Minh; Petrovietnam Insurance Company (PVIC); PJICO; PTI; Cong ty BH lienhiep; Bao Long; Vien Dong; and VIA. In the first quarter of 2012, the total sales of life insurance in the market are 3522 billion, up 8. 1% compared to the same period last year. The companies have large market shares of Prudential Vietnam, with 1,308 billion, accounting for 37. 14% market share, Bao Viet is 942 billion VND, accounting for 26. 73%, Manulife is 440 billion, accounting for 12. 5% . Leader in sales of new premium remains the Prudential Vietnam with 239 billion, followed by Bao Viet Life 226 billion and Manulife is 131 billion VND. The strongest opponents of the current Prudential Vietnam Bao Viet Life, with a market share of new operators are close to Prudential. Futhermore, Manulife, although total sales revenue and new operators have a big gap with the Prudential, but development strategy, with a solid foundation and changes quite flexible according to the market trend of this company many companies in the same industry appreciated. AIA is also one of considerable competitors with daring and efficient strategies which may have a spectacular breakthrough in the market share in a few years. Meanwhile, Dai-ichi Life Vietnam after a period of impressive growth, there seems to be a lull down and has not had any extensive development. In the recent economic condition, the issue is not about the number of new contracts or pushing the revenue growth. The vital tatic is maintaining the signed contracts. It dues to the fact that the level of contracts termination in Vietnamese market has always been a â€Å"nightmare† for life insurance ompanies, this ratio is always around 10 – 15% for every years, the rate cancelling contracts in the early years are often higher. Therefore, the development of effective strategies many insurance companies selected for this difficult period. Although the cancelling contracts are high, Datas from the Vietnam Insurance Association showed that the three months of this year, the number of contracts restoration of 27,797 contracts, an increase of 35% over the same period last year. The companies have the contract high recovery rate is Prudential, Bao Viet and Dai-ichi Life Vietnam. Thus, under the current intensive competition, whether Prudential can retain their leader position of the life insurance market or not, it’s still a question. CHAPTER 3: FINANCIAL SITUATION OF PRUDENTIAL VIETNAM IN 2011 COMPARED TO 2010, ITS PROBLEMS IN 2011 AND CHALLENGES IN 2012 PART 1: FINANCIAL SITUATION IN 2011 COMPARED TO 2011 AND ITS PROBLEMS IN 2011 Business activities results Unit: Million VND Content| 2010| 2011| I. Revenue| 7,601,313| 8,871,160| 1. Revenue from insurance activities| 5,365,668| 5,992,532| 2. Revenue for financial activities| 2. 235. 645| 2,871,628| II. Costs| 6,263,946| 7,878,625| 1. Insurance activities and sales cost| 5,298,593| 6,335,556| 2. Financial activities costs| 379,520| 819,496| 3. Manager costs and other costs| 585,833| 723,573| III. Profit without taxes| 1,337,367| 992,535| IV. Taxes| 329,815| 240,839| V. Net Profit| 1,007,552| 751,996| The table shows how Prudential did their business in 2011. According to the table, in 2011, Prudential’s revenue showed an upward trend in both insurance and financial fields. Specifically, its revenue increased by 626,864 million VND and 635983 million VND respectively. However, costs for business activities involved insurance, financial activities, management cost and other cost also grew in this 12-month period as a figure of 1,614,679 million VND. As a result, net profit was decline by a significant number, 255,556 million VND for particular, despite of reduction in taxes. In conclusion, this insurance and finance company still got profit in the previous year, however it was less than it had been in 2010. Important financial ratios: Content| 2010| 2011| I. Asset Structure| 1. Fixed Asset / Total Asset| 0. 3%| 0. 4%| 2. Moveable Asset / Total Asset| 28. 7%| 31. 4%| II. Capital Structure| 1. Debt / Debt and Equity| 87%| 88%| 2. Equity / Total Capital| 13%| 12%| III. Payment Capability| 1. Money and money equivalents and short-term investment / Short-term debt ( times )| 3. 77| 3. 58| 2. Total Asset / Total Debt ( times )| 1. 15| 1. 13| IV. Profit ratios| 1. Profit without taxes / Total Asset| 5%| 3%| 2. Net profit / Gross Revenue| 13%| 8%| 3. Net profit / Net Revenue| 20%| 12%| 4. Net profit / Equity| 30%| 22%| The table illustrated some relevant financial ratios included asset structure, capital structure, payment capability and profit ratios. In general, these numbers provide a negative business image of Prudential in 2011 compared to they did in 2010. For example, their payment capability was limited and profit ratios also reduced to. The figures were 0. 19 time deduction in money and money equivalents and short-term investment / short-term debt and 8% decline in net profit / net revenue. Clearly, business activities of Prudential in was not effective compared to 2010 and this fact was because of several reasons and also led to several issues of Prudential in 2011. Factors had devastating impacts on insurance market in general and Prudential for particular included The 2008 Financial Crisis, inflation rates, the increase of gold price and Resolution of the government Firstly, the 2008 Financial Crisis has been proving that it has global affects and there are no countries being exception. In 2008, White House admitted the conclusion of The National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) which is â€Å"The United States has been being in recession since December of 2007† and tried to accelerate the economic recovery process by improve finance, credit and real estate market. According to official figures, GDP of the biggest economy in the world decreased by 0. 2% in the fourth quarter of 2007 but increased by 0. 8% in the first quarter of 2008 and 2. 8% in the following 4 months. Subsequently, it declined again in the third quarter of 2008 by 0. 5%. However NBER informed that recognizing the recession was not just based on GDP but on other economy factors such. For example, employment market and capital slowed down and showed a downward trend in a 12-month period. After that, this disease started spreading all over the over and several countries and regions were victims. Fifteen European Union countries were the first, then Russia, Japan, China, Singapore †¦ Later on, in 2009, Vietnam became a victims of the crisis, which brought the economy down without recovery up to now and every single industry was effected involved insurance field. As a consequence, business activities of Prudential fell down year after year. Secondly, the inflation rates of 18. 13% was rather high than ideal number and it also means that Consumer Price Index (CPI) was 18. 13% higher than the previous year, furthermore, some essential products increased by 50% or even 100%. Hence, it had impact on social quality and decreased the amount of saving money of residents, limited to capability of participating in insurance activities or maintaining the life insurance contract due to people who have low average income, and increased the compensation costs of non-life insurance. Therefore, the growth of about 10000 billion VND costs of insurance activities and sale costs of Prudential was an obvious consequence. Thirdly, the 24. 6% rise of gold prices also created psychological allocation of the insurers. The stock market and real estate was bleak which reduced investment opportunities and profitability of the insurance business and even generated difficulties for making provision for diminution in value of investment in a relatively large number. And finally, in 2011 The Resolution of the Government about the credit crunch, tightening expenditure and government investment has decreased demand for property insurance, construction and installation of new assets purchased. To conclude, because of several reasons involved The 2008 Financial Crisis, inflation rates, the increase of gold price and Resolution of the government led to a bleak business image of Prudential in 2011 compared to 2010. However, they did a great job in the insurance industry in this year and the evidences proved this is Prudential was the market leader of this field with insurance revenue increased by 12% with the biggest market share and being the number one company in this major. PART 2: CHALLENGES OF PRUDENTIAL VIETNAM IN 2012 Problems of Prudential in 2011 mostly referred to the costs of business activities and the degradation of the economy. However, in 2012, its main mission is to fix these problems and to take advantage of new opportunities in the market to improve its business. In 2012, the inherent difficulties in 2011 still continue, the risk of high inflation, the government undertook to restructure the economy, in which the focus of restructuring banking, securities and insurance will affect the insurance market. Property insurance market is predicted slowing down because of tightening credit, expenditure management and government investment spending forced the non-life insurance companies have turned to market development, non-property insurance products. Moreover, many businesses have to limit their production or stop working because of difficulties in accessing to bank credit which led to an increase in the number of unemployed workers and reducing income. Hence, these determinants generated bad effects on the demand of life insurance. Furthermore, the stock market and real estate do not have any signals of recovery which makes insurance companies being more cautious with investment in this area. And last but not least, The Finance Ministry urged the insurance businesses to thrift, cut costs by 5% – 10%, rearrange insurance companies, restructure the insurance market, improve the business insurance effectiveness, risk management, customer care and upgrade competitive capacity. Although 2012 is expected to continue to be a difficult year for the life insurance industry, based on the difficulties of the Vietnamese economy in general, but there are also positive signs bringing new development in insurance market and providing new opportunities for the life insurance industry, especially Prudential: * The impact of a imited credit growth in the banking system is a positive factor to promote extensive cooperation between the banking system and insurance, also a positive signal for the strong improvement of banking and insurance products * The cost of an employer to purchase insurance for employees is calculated on pre-tax costs will set the stage for the life insurance prod ucts take a forward step to businesses. Limitations of the health insurance system with lower benefits will be an opportunity to stimulate the development of life insurance products which have many benefits about high quality health care and health insurance product lines with high value. To sum up, taking good reactions to overcome these difficulties and take advantage of the opportunities above, Prudential will conduct a successful business in 2012. APPENDIX http://www. vii. net. au/Company/BoardofDirectors. spx http://www. investor. prudential. com/phoenix. zhtml? ID=1099317&c=129695&highlight=&p=irol-newsArticle http://thuvienluanvan. com http://timluanvan. com http://www. prudential. com. vn/ Principles of microeconomics (2003 ) – Mankiw Principles of microeconomics 2ed (2001) –Mankiw Economics book 7th John Sloman – Alison Wride GROUP MEMBERS Nguyen Hoang Tuan Anh Le Xuan Chanh Duong Le Hoang Gia Nguyen Kim Khanh Vo Thanh Tung Nguyen Minh Hai